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The term OSHA uses to describe a person who can identify existing and predictable hazards is "Competent person." A competent person is defined as someone who is knowledgeable about the safety and health regulations applicable to the job and has the ability to recognize hazards. This individual has the authority to take corrective action to eliminate or minimize those hazards, which is essential for maintaining a safe work environment. The significance of this role lies in the proactive approach to safety; a competent person not only identifies hazards but also implements necessary measures to mitigate risks before they lead to accidents or injuries.

In contrast, while a qualified person possesses the necessary skills and knowledge to perform specific tasks, it does not inherently include the ability to identify hazards in the same way a competent person does. An authorized person typically refers to someone who has received permission to perform a specific task or operate equipment but may not have the comprehensive safety awareness of a competent person. Trained individuals may have undergone safety training, but without the necessary authority and recognition of hazards, they may not fulfill the critical role of ensuring workplace safety as effectively as a competent person does.